Domus Aurea: la residenza dorata di Nerone Colle Oppio, Colosso di Nerone, Domus Aurea, Nerone Nata sulle ceneri della “Domus Transitoria” dopo il devastante incendio del 64 d.C., la Domus Aurea doveva rappresentare tutta la magnificenza e l’importanza dell’imperatore Nerone. October 2014. The frescoes' effect on Renaissance artists was instant and profound (it can be seen most obviously in Raphael's decoration for the loggias in the Vatican), and the white walls, delicate swags, and bands of frieze—framed reserves containing figures or landscapes—have returned at intervals ever since, notably in late 18th century Neoclassicism,[42] making Famulus one of the most influential painters in the history of art. La novità da lui introdotta consisteva nella posizione della Domus: il trovarsi all’interno della città costituiva qualcosa di veramente straordinario. For the construction of the palace Nero turned to the architect Severus and the engineer Celer, already celebrated as masters of grand architecture, whilst for the interior decoration and wall-painting he turned to Famulus whose work would be studied centuries later by Renaissance artists. By this artist there was a Minerva, which had the appearance of always looking at the spectators, from whatever point it was viewed. Last modified March 01, 2014. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Cartwright, Mark. When the whole magnificent project was finally finished Nero declared with satisfaction: 'Now I can begin to live like a human being'. No kitchens or latrines have been discovered. domus aurea giovedì 15 agosto 2013 Non so quanti di voi lo sanno, ma il nome di Nerone era Lucio Domizio Enobarbo, ossia dalla barba di bronzo/ rossa (I maschi degli Enobarbi, con molta fantasia, o si chiamavano Lucio o Gneo e dato che il padre di Nerone si chiamava Gneo, ecco che a Nerone … It replaced and extended his Domus Transitoria that he had built as his first palace complex on the site. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 01 Mar 2014. [27][20] Fresco technique, working on damp plaster, demands a speedy and sure touch: Famulus and assistants from his studio covered a spectacular amount of wall area with frescoes. La storia: l'incendio di Roma; La storia: la costruzione della Domus; La storia: la damnatio memoriae; Le meraviglie della Domus; Il destino della Domus dopo Nerone; Il padiglione del colle Oppio; La Sala Ottagonale; Le decorazioni; Le opere d'arte; Bibliografia e satelliti. Nero's Golden House (the Domus Aurea) in Rome was a sumptuous palace complex which played host to the wild parties of one of Rome's most notorious emperors. La Domus Aurea, la “Casa d’oro” di Nerone, fu così denominata per l’eccezionale ricchezza delle decorazioni in oro, avorio, pietre preziose, oggi tutte scomparse. Domus Aurea di Nerone, scoperta dopo 2.000 anni la Sala della Sfinge. [9][10], To supply his lake in the valley between the Palatine, Oppian, and Caelian, Nero diverted water from the Aqua Claudia by a specially built branch aqueduct known as the Arcus Neroniani. Suetonius also describes gem-encrusted walls, ivory and mother-of-pearl decorations, and ceilings which showered guests with flowers and perfumes. So too, the gardens were built over and the great lake was drained and the Colosseum built on top. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. The principal entrance was along the via Sacra coming from the Forum. The octagonal hall led to rooms on five sides, each of which had a waterfall running down their back wall. [11] This extended 2 kilometers west from the Claudia to the southern side of the Caelian Hill, from where it was distributed to an enormous nymphaeum on the eastern side of the hill and ultimately to the lake. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. "Nero's Golden House (Domus Aurea)." Only fragments have survived,[24] but that technique was to be copied extensively, eventually ending up as a fundamental feature of Christian art: the apse mosaics that decorate so many churches in Rome, Ravenna, Sicily, and Constantinople. Ancient History Encyclopedia. [25] Pliny the Elder watched it being built and mentions it in his Naturalis Historia.[26]. [49] Domus aurea, la sala segreta della Sfinge di Nerone: straordinaria scoperta, le prime foto Fase storica della costruzione. Una visita ad un cantiere in continuo restauro, dopo che i resti di questa enorme villa antica appartenuta a Nerone sono stati … There was a large octagonal room with a concrete dome, probably originally covered in glass mosaic. [30] Otho[31] and possibly Titus allotted money to finish at least the structure on the Oppian Hill; this continued to be inhabited until it was destroyed in a fire under Trajan in 104 AD. Ancient History Encyclopedia. [22] A pilot project is in the works to replace the current park above the Domus, enlarged during Mussolini's regime,[45] with a lighter roof garden planted with the type of flowers described by Pliny, Columella, and other ancient writers. Suetonius also offers a famous description of one of the domed ceilings or perhaps even the room itself: '[there was a] circular banquet hall, which revolved incessantly, day and night, like the heavens'. Aveva già fatto costruire la Domus Transitoria, per collegare le tenute imperiali del Palatino con gli Horti Maecenatis sull'Esquilino, che però bruciò interamente. Il Domus Aurea, la casa d’oro, fa parte dell’enorme palazzo costruito da Nerone.Conserva oggi importanti elementi architettonici, affreschi e decorazioni. It also carried a mosaic depicting the Cyclops Polyphemus. Un vero e proprio viaggio nella storia.Questa è l’esperienza che promette, e che regala, la Società Cooperativa Culture all’interno della Domus Aurea. Domus Aurea’s extensive decorative gold leaf dazzled in the sun. The best preserved part of the complex is the west wing which hints at the sumptuous nature of this one-time pleasure palace. La Domus Aurea, la "Casa Dorata", fu costruita dall'imperatore Nerone dopo il grande incendio che devastò Roma nel 64. Nero's Golden House (Domus Aurea). La Domus Aurea (“casa d’oro”, in latino) era una villa costruita dall’imperatore romano Nerone. Almost eight years later and the Domus Aurea is finally open to visitors again, albeit it in a restricted and limited fashion. Following the devastating fire of 64 CE which had destroyed large areas of the Aventine and Palatine hills, Nero decided to take the opportunity to build a huge new palace. Construction began after the great fire of 64 and was nearly completed before Nero's death in 68, a remarkably short time for such an enormous project. [17] This idea is widely accepted among scholars,[18] but some are convinced that Nero was not identified with Sol while he was alive. The swiftness of Famulus's execution gives a wonderful unity and astonishing delicacy to his compositions. According to some accounts, perhaps embellished by Nero's political enemies, on one occasion such quantities of rose petals were dropped that one unlucky guest was asphyxiated (a similar story is told of the emperor Elagabalus). [14] The main palace building was on the Esquiline Hill. Domus Aureaby Wikipedia user: Pufacz (CC BY-SA). 05 Jan 2021. Nearby was the 'room of Achilles on Skyros' with marble and painted stucco walls. In Medieval times the site became overgrown and was used to grow vegetables and vines, a tranquil contrast for what was once the site of Imperial Rome's most raucous and debauched partying. DOMUS AUREA Dopo l' incendio del 64 d.C., che distrusse gran parte del centro di Roma, l'imperatore Nerone decise di farsi costruire una nuova residenza con le pareti rivestite di marmi pregiati e le volte decorate d'oro e di pietre preziose, tanto da meritare il nome di Domus Aurea. [36], During renovation works on the Palatine Hill at the end of 2018, experts stumbled upon a barrel-vaulted room richly decorated with panthers, centaurs, the god Pan, and a sphinx, believed to have been built between 65 and 68 AD. This building took the name "Colosseum" in the Middle Ages, after the statue nearby, or, as some historians believe, because of the sheer size of the building. Nerone iniziò la costruzione della Domus Aurea dopo il grande incendio del 64 d.C., espropriando le vastissime aree che erano state danneggiate dalle fiamme e realizzando un progetto vasto circa 80 ettari. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. L'imperatore Nerone, prima di far erigere la Domus Aurea, aveva già fatto costruire la Domus Transitoria, per collegare le tenute imperiali del Palatino con gli Horti Maecenatis sull'Esquilino, che però bruciò interamente nel grande incendio del 68.Ne sono stati rinvenuti dei resti sotto la Domus … Grandiosa e fragilissima, la Domus Aurea chiusa nel 2006 per il pericolo di crolli e cedimenti strutturali, è stata riaperta al pubblico con un percorso di visite guidate articolate in quindici tappe che illustrano i progressi del cantiere e includono anche l’ala occidentale del padiglione, svelando ambienti non accessibili fino ad oggi. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. La storia degli scavi della " Domus Aurea " inizia nel XVI secolo, quando artisti ed appassionati di antichità si calano dall'alto dei giardini delle Terme di Traiano nelle "grotte" di Nerone, per copiare i motivi decorativi a fresco ed a stucco delle volte. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Discovering art through the decay time La Domus Aurea dor- piromania perfino in un programma di A casa di me sottoterra, invisibile a droni masterizzazione: Nero Burning ROM. [44], The sheer weight of earth on the Domus is causing a problem, as well, and architects believe that the ceiling will eventually collapse if the weight of between 2,500 and 3,000 kilograms per square metre is not lessened. The subterranean effect was further enhanced with the addition of fountains which ran down the walls, the water collecting in large pools in the surrounding rooms. [47][39], The likely remains of Nero's rotating banquet hall and its underlying mechanism were unveiled by archaeologists on September 29, 2009. When a young Roman inadvertently fell through a cleft in the Esquiline hillside at the end of the 15th century, he found himself in a strange cave or grotto filled with painted figures. [1] The Baths of Trajan,[1][34] and the Temple of Venus and Rome were also built on the site. [16] This statue may have represented Nero as the sun god Sol, as Pliny saw some resemblance. Indice. There was a large pentagonal courtyard brightly decorated with glass mosaic which branched off into 15 separate rooms. L’imperatore decise di costruire questa vasta struttura dopo il grande incendio di Roma nel 64 d.C., che distrusse la sua casa sul Palatino. This was far bigger and more luxurious than the previous one, the Domus Transitoria (House of Transition). When Raphael and Michelangelo crawled underground and were let down shafts to study them, the paintings were a revelation of the true world of antiquity. "Nero's Golden House (Domus Aurea)." [20][19] Hadrian moved it, with the help of the architect Decrianus and 24 elephants,[21] to a position next to the Flavian Amphitheater. [8] Suetonius describes the complex as "ruinously prodigal" as it included groves of trees, pastures with flocks, vineyards, and an artificial lake—rus in urbe, "countryside in the city". Domus Aurea Nerone non nacque a Roma, ma ad Azio nel 37 d.C., figlio di Agrippina Minore che in seconde nozze sposò Claudio. The architects designed two of the principal dining rooms to flank an octagonal court, surmounted by a dome with a giant central oculus to let in light. Foto: Bridgeman / Aci La Domus Aurea fu progettata come un rus in urbe, ovvero una “villa in città”, con parchi e padiglioni propri delle campagne e della periferia di Roma, ma costruita all’interno della capitale stessa. [5], The Domus Aurea complex covered parts of the slopes of the Palatine, Oppian, and Caelian hills,[6] with an artificial lake in the marshy valley. He only painted a few hours each day, and then with the greatest gravity, for he always kept the toga on, even when in the midst of his implements. Altre definizioni per aurea: La Domus fatta costruire da Nerone, Lo è una moneta d'oro, Un attributo... della mediocrità Altre definizioni con nerone: La Domus reggia di Nerone; Imperò dopo Nerone; Assassino... come Nerone. Domus Aurea L’imperatore Nerone dopo il devastante incendio del 64 d.C., che distrusse gran parte del centro di Roma, iniziò la costruzione di una nuova residenza, che per sfarzo e grandiosità passò alla storia con il nome di Domus Aurea. Al posto di quest’ultima Nerone affidò agli architetti Severus e Celer la costruzione di una nuova, ampia e lussuosa villa: la Domus Aurea. Roma Città del Lazio, capitale della Repubblica Italiana; capoluogo di regione e città metropolitana (Comune di 1.287,36 km2 [...] le caratteristiche proprie italiche. Nero took great interest in every detail of the project, according to Tacitus,[2] and oversaw the engineer-architects, Celer and Severus, who were also responsible for the attempted navigable canal with which Nero hoped to link Misenum with Lake Avernus.[3][4]. [5][14] Pliny the Elder, however, puts its height at only 30.3 m (106.5 RF). The Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped palace built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city and the aristocratic villas on the Palatine Hill.[1]. Besides using the finest marble and decoration such as fine wall-painting and gilded colonnades, the building was also a technical marvel with soaring domes, revolving ceilings, ornamental fountains and even waterfalls running down the walls. "More recently, lived Amulius, a grave and serious personage, but a painter in the florid style. Web. The west wing, for example, had one rectangular courtyard surrounded by no fewer than 50 banquet rooms. Following Nero's death, and with his successors wishing to distance themselves from this unpopular emperor, the building was abandoned and stripped of much of its precious marble for reuse elsewhere. [13], Nero also commissioned from the Greek Zenodorus a colossal 35.5 m (120 RF) high bronze statue of him, the Colossus Neronis. La Domus Aurea ("Casa d'oro" in latino, proprio perché in essa si utilizzò molto di questo prezioso metallo) era la villa urbana costruita dall' imperatore romano Nerone dopo il grande incendio che devastò Roma nel 64 d.C. La distruzione di buona parte del centro urbano permise al princeps di espropriare un'area complessiva di circa 80 ettari e costruirvi un palazzo che si estendeva tra il Palatino, l' … Submitted by Mark Cartwright, published on 01 March 2014 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. One innovation was destined to have an enormous influence on the art of the future: Nero placed mosaics, previously restricted to floors, in the vaulted ceilings. A small part of the upper story of the octagonal court survives which has a light-well to provide light to the floor below, two small courtyards with fountains, and a colonnade running along one side of a large ornamental pool. [32], It was a severe embarrassment to Nero's successors as a symbol of decadence and it was stripped of its marble, jewels, and ivory within a decade. [37] The Fourth Style frescoes that were uncovered then have faded to pale gray stains on the plaster now, but the effect of these freshly rediscovered Grotesque[38] decorations was electrifying in the early Renaissance, which was just arriving in Rome. Venne costruita in poco più di quattro anni, a testimonianza del potere dell’imperatore e della sua gloria e venne decorata dal celebre pittore Fabullus. One of these was the 'room of the Golden Vault' with its gilded ceiling, marble panelling and grand picture from Greek mythology of Zeus abducting Ganymede. Discovery led to the arrival of moisture starting the slow, inevitable process of decay; humidity sometimes reaches 90% inside the Domus. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. License. The Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped palace built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city and the aristocratic villas on the Palatine Hill. La Domus Aurea è la “casa d’oro” dello stravagante e un po’ paranoico Imperatore Nerone (37-68 d.C.) inserita nella lista dei Patrimoni dell’umanità dall’UNESCO nel 1980 e tra le cose da vedere assolutamente quando si visita Roma! [19] The face of the statue was modified shortly after Nero’s death during Vespasian’s reign to make it truly a statue of Sol. On entering Domus Aurea for the first time, Roman writer Svetonio documents Nero as saying: Great! Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. – Svetonio, Nerone, 31.2. [50] Pliny, in his Natural History, recounts how Famulus went for only a few hours each day to the Golden House, to work while the light was best. [14], The extensive gold leaf that gave the villa its name was not the only extravagant element of its decor: stuccoed ceilings were faced with semi-precious stones and ivory veneers, while the walls were frescoed, coordinating the decoration into different themes in each major group of rooms. According to Tripadvisor travelers, these are the best ways to experience Domus Aurea: Nero's Golden Palace: with Colosseum and Ancient City (From $123.54) Nero's Golden House VR tour+ exhibition "Raffaello and the Domus Aurea" (From $64.14) Nero's Golden House virtual reality tour (From $62.39) Following the devastating fire of 64 CE which had destroyed large areas of the Aventine and Palatine hills, Nero decided to take the opportunity to build a huge new palace. [4] Contemporary conveniences such as heating pipes have also not been discovered.[22]. Ed è una meraviglia. Uno degli aspetti originali di Nerone lo troviamo nella trasposizione delle idee sul lusso nella pratica, per esempio nell’allestimento di migliaia di statue nell’intero complesso della Domus Aurea (e di centinaia nel padiglione sull’Oppio), nell’ingrandimento delle misure di elementi più … Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/661/. Roman Emperor Neroby cjh1452000 (CC BY-SA). There were two floors which boasted at least 140 rooms with ceilings up to 11 metres high. Cartwright, M. (2014, March 01). To have enough space for the project the emperor - already unpopular due to accusations of a slow response to the fire and even possibly having started it - seized large areas of land owned by aristocrats and even carved into the Oppian hillside in the building's rear. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. 1 talking about this. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Pliny the Elder presents Amulius [28] as one of the principal painters of the domus aurea: Rooms sheathed in dazzling polished white marble had richly varied floor plans, complete with niches and exedras that concentrated or dispersed the daylight.