Orff's letter was published in that collection the following year. Orff by happenstance called at Huber's house on the day after his arrest. Orff's German version, Orpheus, was staged under Orff's direction in 1925 in Mannheim, using some of the instruments that had been used in the original 1607 performance. [citation needed]. Many of the parts are challenging for teachers to play. Later that month, he met with Clara Huber, who asked him to contribute to a memorial volume for her husband. His tombstone bears his name, his dates of birth and death, and the Latin inscription Summus Finis (the Ultimate End), which is taken from the end of De temporum fine comoedia. Carl Orff was born into an old Bavarian family of officers and scholars. Given Orff's previous lack of commercial success, the monetary factor of Carmina Burana's acclaim was significant to him. [citation needed]. With the success of Carmina Burana, Orff disowned all of his previous works except for Catulli Carmina and the Entrata (an orchestration of "The Bells" by William Byrd (1539–1623)), which he rewrote. Afterwards, he held various positions at opera houses in Mannheim and Darmstadt, later returning to Munich to pursue his music studies. The music is elemental and combines movement, singing, playing, and improvisation. [13] He was one of the few German composers under the Nazi regime who responded to the official call to write new incidental music for A Midsummer Night's Dream after the music of Felix Mendelssohn had been banned. Comoedia de Christi Resurrectione Opere per la Natività. The story of Antigone has a haunting similarity to the history of Sophie Scholl, heroine of the White Rose resistance movement, and Orff may have been memorializing her in his opera. In 1911/12, Orff wrote Zarathustra, Op. [15], However, in Orff's denazification file, discovered by Viennese historian Oliver Rathkolb in 1999, no remark on the White Rose is recorded;[16] and in Composers of the Nazi Era: Eight Portraits (2000) Kater recanted his earlier accusations to some extent. [18], However, in Orff's denazification file, discovered by Viennese historian Oliver Rathkolb in 1999, no remark on the White Rose is recorded;[19] and in Composers of the Nazi Era: Eight Portraits (2000) Kater recanted his earlier accusations to some extent. [8][9] The following year, he composed an opera, Gisei, das Opfer (Gisei, the Sacrifice). It is the first part of a trilogy that also includes Catulli Carmina and Trionfo di Afrodite. [3] He had lived through four epochs: the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and the post World War II West German Bundesrepublik. Gassenhauer, Hexeneinmaleins, and Passion, which Orff composed with Gunild Keetman, were used as theme music for Terrence Malick's film Badlands (1973). Carl Orff was born in Munich on 10 July 1895, the son of Paula (Köstler) and Heinrich Orff. He concentrated his energy on music. Orff's ideas were developed, together with Gunild Keetman, into a veryINNOVATIVE approach to music education for children, known as the "Orff Schulwerk". [17], In any case, Orff's assertion that he had been anti-Nazi during the war was accepted by the American denazification authorities, who changed his previous category of "gray unacceptable" to "gray acceptable", enabling him to continue to compose for public presentation, and to enjoy the royalties that the popularity of Carmina Burana had earned for him.[18]. Like many other composers of the time, he was influenced by the Russian-French émigré Igor Stravinsky. [1] In addition to hisCAREER as a composer, Orff developed an influential approach toward music education for children. The trilogy as a whole is called Trionfi, or "Triumphs". After several performances of this music, he claimed not to be satisfied with it, and reworked it into the final version that was first performed in 1964. "Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi", commonly known as "O Fortuna", fromCarmina Burana, is often used to denote primal forces, for example in the Oliver Stone movie The Doors. Carl Orff (n. 10 iulie 1895, München, Regatul Bavariei - d. 29 martie 1982, München, Republica Federală Germania) a fost un compozitor german cunoscut pentru muzica sa educațională și de teatru. The Music for Children volumes were not designed to be performance pieces for the average child. Hans Zimmer later reworked this music for his True Romance (1993) score. Orff is best known for Carmina Burana (1935/6), a "scenic cantata". [1] He had lived through four epochs in the course of his life: the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and the post World War II West GermanBundesrepublik. His mother was an accomplished pianist who taught him when he was a child. In 1911, at age 16, some of Orff's music was published. 14, an unfinished large work for baritone voice, three male choruses and orchestra, based on a passage from Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophical novel Thus Spake Zarathustra. There he developed his theories of music education, having constant contact with children. While "modern" in some of his compositional techniques, Orff was able to capture the spirit of the medieval period in this trilogy, with infectious rhythms and simple harmonies. Bust of Carl Orff in the Munich Hall of Fame (2009), According to Canadian historian Michael H. Kater (de), during Orff's denazification process in Bad Homburg, Orff claimed that he had helped establish the White Rose resistance movement in Germany. Orff wrote and staged puppet shows for his family, composing music for piano, violin, zither, and glockenspiel to accompany them. [4][5] His paternal grandmother was Catholic of Jewish descent. Carl Orff (1895-1982) was a German composer best known for Carmina Burana. Artist Biography by Rovi Staff Although his fame rests on the success of a single work, the famous and frequently commercially mutilated Carmina Burana, Carl Orff was in fact a multi-faceted musician and prolific composer who wrote in many styles before developing the primal, driving language which informs his most famous work. The composer described it as the celebration of the triumph of the human spirit through sexual and holistic balance. "He had his life and that was that," she tells Tony Palmer in the documentary O Fortuna.[24]. [9] He was one of the few German composers under the Nazi regime who responded to the official call to write new incidental music for A Midsummer Night's Dream after the music of Felix Mendelssohnhad been banned. Originally Jewish by faith, they became Roman Catholic, when his parental grandfather, Carl von Orff, converted to Christianity. About his Antigonae (1949), Orff said specifically that it was not an opera but rather a Vertonung, a "musical setting", of the ancient tragedy. They fell into the style of Richard Strauss and other German composers of the day, but with hints of what would become Orff's distinctive musical language. Orff was there as the head of a department from 1925 until the end of his life, and he worked with musical beginners. He was also successful and influential in the field of music education. While "modern" in some of his compositional techniques, Orff was able to capture the spirit of themedieval period in this trilogy, with infectious rhythms and simple harmonies. In this highly personal work, Orff presented a mystery play, sung in Greek, German, and Latin, in which he summarized his view of the end of time. [2] His family wasBavarian and was active in the Army of the German Empire. His only child Godela (1921–2013) was from his first marriage. Orff was buried in the Baroque church of the beer-brewing Benedictine priory of Andechs, south of Munich. The trilogy as a whole is called Trionfi, or "Triumphs". In 1930, Orff published a manual titled Schulwerk, in which he shares his method of conducting. They fell into the style of Richard Strauss and other German composers of the day, but with hints of what would become Orff's distinctive musical language. Ezt a hírnevet nemcsak operák és más vokális alkotások révén szerezte, hanem pedagógiai munkásságával is. [citation needed] Later on, however, many of these earlier works were released (some even with Orff's approval). In 1924 Dorothee Günther (de) and Orff founded the Günther School for gymnastics, music, and dance in Munich. His musical influences were as diverse as … [14] Defenders of Orff note that he had already composed music for this play as early as 1917 and 1927, long before this was a favor for the Nazi regime. Orff's relationship with German fascism and the Nazi Party has been a matter of considerable debate and analysis. His paternal grandmother was Catholic of Jewish descent. Teachers using the volumes are encouraged to simplify the pieces, to write original texts for the pieces and to modify the instrumentation to adapt to the teacher's classroom situation. [19][20] Orff was married four times: to Alice Solscher (m. 1920, div. [7] Many of his youthful works were songs, often settings of German poetry. Opere: Antigona (1949) si Oedip der Tyrann (1959), Catulli Carmina (1943) si Trionfo di Afrodite (1951), Carmina burana. Two years later he was shifted to Wittelsbach Gymnasium. It is the first part of a trilogy that also includes Catulli Carmina and Trionfo di Afrodite. Before writing Carmina Burana, Orff also edited 17th-century operas. Huber's distraught wife, Clara, begged Orff to use his influence to help her husband, but he declined her request. In 1947, he was awarded the Music Prize of the City of Munich and in 1974 the Romano Guardini Prize by the Catholic Academy of Bavaria. – München, 1982. március 29.) Carl Orff Carl Orff (Monaco di Baviera, 10 luglio 1895 – Monaco di Baviera, 29 marzo 1982) è stato un compositore tedesco, noto principalmente per i celeberrimi Carmina Burana (1937). Orff died of cancer in Munich in 1982 at the age of 86. As I have stated before, Orff was born on 10 July 1895 in Munich, Germany. [23] The work's association with fascism also led Pier Paolo Pasolini to use the movement "Veris leta facies" to accompany the concluding scenes of torture and murder in his final film Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom.[24]. He had a long friendship with German-Jewish musicologist, composer and refugee Erich Katz,[17] who fled Nazi Germany in 1939. At age five, Orff began to play piano, organ, and cello, and composed a few songs and music for puppet plays. It has been labelled by some as minimalistic, a term which is most pertinent in terms of the melodic line. Orff's ideas were developed, together with Gunild Keetman, into a very innovative approach to music education for children, known as the Orff Schulwerk. Both compositions feature the same "timeless" sound, called timeless because they do not employ any of the musical techniques of the period in which they were composed, with the intent that they be difficult to define as belonging to a particular era. A fost compozitor, regizor și scenograf, libretist, actor, încă de mic copil. Like many other composers of the time, he was influenced by the Russian-French émigré Igor Stravinsky. As an historical aside, Carmina Burana is probably the most famous piece of music composed and premiered in Nazi Germany. Carl Orff, (born July 10, 1895, Munich, Germany—died March 29, 1982, Munich), German composer known particularly for his operas and dramatic works and for his innovations in music education. There was no evidence for this other than his own word, and other sources dispute his claim. Carl Orff este un compozitor german cunoscut atât pentru Carmina Burana, o lucrare ce îmbină muzica, baletul și pantomima, cât și pentru stilul pedagogic de predare a muzicii în rândul copiilor, stil numit Schulwerk. Orff's last work, De temporum fine comoedia (Play on the End of Times), had its premiere at the Salzburg Festival on August 20, 1973, and was performed byHerbert von Karajan and the WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne and Chorus. He was married to Liselotte Schmitz, Luise Rinser, Gertrud Willert and Alice … But the composition, with its unfamiliar rhythms, was also denounced with racist taunts. The composer described it as the celebration of the triumph of the human spirit through sexual and holistic balance. He had a long friendship with German-Jewish musicologist, composer and refugee Erich Katz,[14] who fled Nazi Germany in 1939. Read Full Biography. Carl Orff Biography by Rovi Staff + Follow Artist. Carl Orff was born in Munich on 10 July 1895,[1] the son of Paula (Köstler) and Heinrich Orff. By the time he was a teenager, having studied neither harmony nor composition, Orff was writing songs; his mother helped him set down his first works in musical notation. In this highly personal work, Orff presented a mystery play, sung in Greek, German, and Latin, in which he summarized his view of the end of time. His Carmina Burana was hugely popular in Nazi Germany after its premiere in Frankfurt in 1937. Orff ni želel govoriti o svoji preteklosti, zato so biografski podatki, predvsem v času svetovnih vojn, delno zabrisani. Muzica lui in mare parte a disparut de pe scena, dar a reaparut dupa razboi. [citation needed]. The text is a German translation, by Friedrich Hölderlin, of the Sophocles play of the same name. Live performances of them have been few, even in Germany.