Like his father, Francesco received a fine humanist education and studied the classics, learning both Latin and a little Greek. "[30], Both were innovative in their approach to history: "Machiavelli and Guicciardini are important transitional figures in the development of historical writing. [2] The boy was sent by his father to study law at the Universities of Ferrara and Padua, where he stayed until the year 1505.[3]. In 1531, Guicciardini was assigned the governorship of Bologna, the most important city in the northern Papal States by Clement VII. [17], This final Florentine Republic did not last long, however, and after enduring the Siege of Florence by imperial troops for nine months, in 1530 the city capitulated. La polemica contro la corruzione ecclesiastica si riallaccia a una lunga tradizione nella letteratura italiana, anche se in Guicciardini il tema si arricchisce della sua particolare attenzione alla Riforma luterana, che lui abbraccerebbe se non contrastasse col fatto che è stato ed è consigliere di papi (deve quindi accettare la situazione per amore del suo "particulare", dei suoi interessi). Guicciardini was on a somewhat higher social standing than his friend, but through their letters, a relaxed, comfortable relationship between the two emerges. [12] Less than two weeks later came the news of the Sack of Rome and the imprisonment of Clement in the Castel Sant'Angelo. Guicciardini advised an alliance with France and urged Clement to conclude the League of Cognac in 1526, which led to war with Charles V. Later that year, as the forces of Charles V threatened to attack, Clement made Guicciardini lieutenant-general of the papal army. The political turmoil in Italy was continuously intensifying. Seconda lezione su Francesco Guicciardini (1483 - 1540): lettura e commento di alcuni brani tratti dai Ricordi. Francesco Guicciardini è stato uno scrittore, storico e politico italiano. The outbreak of the war in northern Italy between King Francis I of France and the Holy Roman emperor Charles V, with whom Leo had concluded an alliance, turned Reggio into a military outpost of the Papal States, and in July 1521 Guicciardini was appointed commissioner general of the papal army. Having distinguished himself in the practice of law, Guicciardini was entrusted by the Florentine Signoria with an embassy to the court of the King of Aragon, Ferdinand the Catholic, in 1512. Guicciardini was powerless to influence the commander of papal forces, Francesco Maria della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, to take action. From 1498 to 1505 Guicciardini studied civil law at Florence, Ferrara, and Padua and subsequently set up legal practice at Florence. The two established their rapport because of mutual regard for each other's intellect. Francesco Guicciardini, scrittore nato il 06/03/1483 . Il Guicciardini teorizza l'uomo della decadenza, uomo rinunciatario, uomo che si chiude nella propria dimensione privata. Bruno Munari (Milanu, 24 de santuaine 1907 – Milanu, 30 de cabidanni 1998) est istadu unu designer italianu.Est istadu unu de sos massimos protagonistas de s'arte, de i … Guicciardini is best known as the author of the Storia d'Italia (History of Italy), which provides a detailed account of politics in the Italian Peninsula between 1490 and 1534. [1][full citation needed], Piero Guicciardini had studied with the philosopher Marsilio Ficino, who stood as his son's godfather. Raccolta di 100 frasi di Francesco Guicciardini selezionate da noi. These high offices rendered Guicciardini the virtual master of the Papal States beyond the Apennine Mountains. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. At the Spanish court, he learned lessons of political realism. Guicciardini insisted on being recalled and even sent a letter to the youthful Lorenzo de’ Medici in an attempt to secure a position in the new ruling group. 171, on the tyrant; the whole, Francesco Guicciardini, Maxims and Reflections (Ricordi), Mario Domandi, trans., Introd. I Guicciardini e le scienze occulte: Loroscopo di Francesco Guicciardini, lettere di alchimia, astrologia e cabala a Luigi Guicciardini (Studi e testi / Istituto nazionale di studi sul Rinascimento) [francesco-guicciardini-lodovico-guicciardini-raffaella-castagnola] on Amazon.com. Il favorimento dei propri interessi, ottenuti sopraffacendo i più deboli e alleandosi con i più forti. [23] Di uso frequente la locuz. [21][full citation needed] He assisted in successfully negotiating the marriage of Alessandro to the emperor Charles V’s daughter Margaret of Parma in 1536, and for a short time Gucciardini was the most trusted advisor to Alessandro until the Duke's assassination in 1537. In March 1530, as a result of his service to the Medici, Guicciardini was declared a rebel and had his property confiscated. Guicciardini retired to his villa in Arcetri, where he spent his last years working on the Storia d'Italia. Updates? Account en lijsten Account Retourzendingen en bestellingen. It was not until 1561 that the first sixteen of the twenty books of his History of Italy were published. The victory of the intransigent republican faction in Florence and the fall of the gonfalonier Niccolò Capponi, who had been trying to come to terms with the pope (April 1529), followed by the advance of the imperial army on the city, endangered Guicciardini’s position, and in September 1529 he left Florentine territory for the papal court. Guicciardini elimina così la possibilità di ricorrere alla storia e agli eventi passati per risolvere situazioni presenti perché essi differiranno certamente dai precedenti. Corrections? Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Then, Guicciardini allied himself with Cosimo de' Medici, who was just 17 and new to the Florentine political system. [6] Thus Guicciardini started his career as a diplomat and statesman. Si vede per esperienza che e padroni tengono poco conto de’ servidori, e per ogni sua commodità o appe-tito gli mettono da parte; però laudo io quelli servidori che, pigliando essemplo da’ padroni, tengono più conto degli in-teressi suoi che di loro: il che però consiglio che … …realist (or pessimist) than Machiavelli. [dal lat ... el grado che ho avuto con più pontefici m’ha necessitato a amare per el particulare mio la grandezza loro (Guicciardini). History of the exact sciences from Galilei to Newton. His severe and sometimes ruthless measures were effective in restoring order but also caused him unpopularity. The death of an uncle, who had occupied the see of Cortona, induced the young Guicciardini to seek an ecclesiastical career. In his masterpiece, The History of Italy, Guicciardini paved the way for a new style in historiography with his use of government sources to support arguments and the realistic analysis of the people and events of his time. "[13], Like many Florentine aristocrats of his day, Guicciardini believed in a mixed republican government based on the model of the Venetian constitution;[14] despite working so often and closely with the Medici, he viewed their rule as tyrannical. In 1523, after Adrian’s death, he had to defend both cities against their original ruler, the duke of Ferrara. Opere Inedite Di Francesco Guicciardini (1-2): Guicciardini, Francesco: Amazon.nl. He was appointed to govern Parma, and according to the Encyclopedia, "in the confusion that followed the pope's death, he distinguished himself by his defence of Parma against the French (1521). After the murder of Alessandro in 1537, he helped secure the succession for Cosimo, probably hoping to limit the ducal powers which he considered excessive. There he played a prominent role in the papal counsels, advocating an alliance with France against Charles V. The resulting League of Cognac, concluded in May 1526, was to no small extent his work, and in June he was appointed papal lieutenant general with the army of the league. Francesco Guicciardini, (born March 6, 1483, Florence—died May 22, 1540, Santa Margherita a Montici, near Florence), Florentine statesman, diplomat, and historian, author of the most important contemporary history of Italy, Storia d’Italia. During his time in Spain, the Medici regained power in Florence. Under the command of Clement VII, Guicciardini was assigned the task of punishing the Florentine citizens for their resistance to the Medici, and he dealt out justice mercilessly to those who had opposed the will of the Pope. LA RELIGIONE GUICCIARDINI MACHIAVELLI Alunni: Cozzolino Luisa Di Monda Angela Miranda Morgana Vegliante Antonio Fenomeno politico-sociale, di cui sottolinea la valenza positiva di quella pagana rispetto al Cristianesimo. Per prima cosa, Niccolò Machiavelli e Francesco Guicciardini sono due figure esemplari del Rinascimento italiano. "[4] Thus, the ambitious Guicciardini once again turned his attention to law. I temi vertono sulla politica, sulla guerra, sulla morale, sulla religione, sulla natura degli uomini. As Gilbert writes: "The History of Italy stands apart from all his writings because it was the one work which he wrote not for himself, but for the public."[24]. These are some of his works recovered from the archives: Taken in combination with Machiavelli's treatises, the Opere inedite offer a comprehensive body of Italian political philosophy before Paolo Sarpi. Guicciardini käytti suurenmoista älyään ja oppineisuuttaan analysoidakseen rappiota ja viheliäisyyttä, jota hän oli ollut itse ensimmäisten joukossa luomassa. Nei “Ricordi” , la sua più celebre opera, egli dirà che come gli asini non potranno mai imitare i cavalli, così i moderni non potranno mai imitare gli antichi. [9], In 1513, Giovanni de' Medici, the son of Lorenzo the Magnificent, became Pope Leo X and brought Florence under papal control, which provided opportunities for Florentines to enter papal service, as did Francesco in 1515. (pagina 3) 3 maggio 1469 6 marzo 1483 Rinascimento 22 maggio 1540 21 giugno 1527 Differenze fra Guicciardini e Machiavelli Concezione della storia Scetticismo VS Utopia Per Disappointed in his hopes and personal ambitions, although still holding high office under the new ruler, he devoted the last years of his life, in his villa at Santa Margherita a Montici, to the composition of his Storia d’Italia, the crowning achievement of his life. In his masterpiece, The History of Italy, Guicciardini paved the way for a new style in historiography with his use of government sources to support arguments and the realistic analysis of the people and events of his time. In 1541 reisde hij via Lyon naar Antwerpen, waar hij in augustus arriveerde. His many personal encounters with powerful Italian rulers serves to explain his perspective as a historian: “Francesco Guicciardini might be called a psychological historian—for him the motive power of the huge clockwork of events may be traced down the mainspring of individual behavior. He disagreed, however, in his Considerazioni intorno ai “Discorsi” del Machiavelli (“Considerations on the ‘Discourses’ of Machiavelli,” c. 1530), with Machiavelli’s interpretation of Roman history as evidence for a political science. Not any individual, be it noted, but those in positions of command: emperors, princes and popes who may be counted on to act always in terms of their self-interest—the famous Guicciardinian particolare.”[25] In the following excerpt, the historian records his observations on the character of Pope Clement VII: “And although he had a most capable intelligence and marvelous knowledge of world affairs, yet he lacked the corresponding resolution and execution. Sidney Alexander, Introduction to Francesco Guicciardini, Felix Gilbert, Machiavelli and Guicciardini, p. 283, University Library in Bratislava Digital Library, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Guicciardini&oldid=996609842, 15th-century people of the Republic of Florence, 16th-century people of the Republic of Florence, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles with incomplete citations from February 2019, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, There is also a series of short essays, entitled, This page was last edited on 27 December 2020, at 17:05. If it weren't for this consideration, I would have loved Martin Luther as much as I love myself—not to be released from the laws taught by the Christian religion as it is normally interpreted and understood, but to see this band of ruffians reduced within their correct bounds.